Woman Grinding Maize - 578 Words

Crystal Huizar Hum 123 SA9- Paper #1 9/15/2012 Woman Grinding Maize – Diego Rivera One of my favorite art works is La Molendera, or The Woman Grinding Maize, by Diego Rivera. The medium of this painting is oil paint on a horizontal canvas that measures 106.7 x 121.9 cm. When I first see this painting, the woman dressed in white with her hair split in two braids, grinding maize on a stone, is what stands out to me the most. It is traditional for women in Mexico that make tortillas to grind the maize, corn, on a rock. In the background I see three already made tortillas baking on top of a ceramic dish. The colors used in the atmosphere are cool toned, which gives you a sense of calm and a soothing sensation. The main colors used here†¦show more content†¦He believed that all people should be able to view and enjoy art, so he began creating huge murals on public walls. He concentrated on creating large frescoes portraying the history and social problems of Mexico. Rivera had a great interest in indigenous people of M exico and their day-to-day lives. This painting, The Woman Grinding Maize, shows what a lot of people feel about work; even though you don’t like it you still have to do it. The woman face expression demonstrates sadness, exhaustion and pain. I can see how she doesn’t have the best job but she still does her job with pride. This painting teaches me that I have to do the best job no matter how much I dislike it and take pride in what I do. Rivera really demonstrates these feelings in the woman grinding the maize, she is looking down with almost seems her to be nearly closed; her back is gloomed hunch backing down. Diego Rivera shaded her face down darker than the rest of her body to emphasize the sadness in her work. So based on all those details I feel as Rivera demonstrated these feeling openly. When I see this painting I see exactly what Diego is showing, the day-to-day life of a working woman. Woman Grinding MaizeShow MoreRelatedRoles Of Women During The Aztec Society1187 Words   |  5 Pagescouncil would determine the compatibility of the man and woman and once that was done an elder Aztec woman would initiate courtship of the man to the woman and would also be the one to tell the father of the woman of the man’s intention of marriage (â€Å"Aztec Women†). Aztec woman were only able to marry an Aztec man and had the possibility of being in a marriage where there were more than one wife. After marriage, pregnancy was the goal of the Aztec woman. Once she gave birth it was a celebration. The AztecRead MoreRamon Astorga. Professor Sarhadi. History 101. 02 March1577 Words   |  7 Pagesregions that were under the control of Aztecs. These controlled regions provided an imperial powers for the Aztecs as well as a regular flow of tribute goods. Tributes varied in many forms, including valuable textiles, and many different foods such as, maize, beans, chiles, ca cao, honey, and most importantly war prisoners (US History.org Staff). The Aztecs had human beings for sacrificial rituals. Aztec society was based on agriculture, and influenced by religion that encircled life of the Aztec empireRead MoreThe Search For Lo Mexicano1930 Words   |  8 Pagesself-worth from skill at the metate, the ability to grind maize so they could feed tortillas and tamales to their husbands and children† â€Å"A Mexica proverb defined a good housewife as one who fed her family well† â€Å"Midwives warned newborn girls of their future burdens: ‘Thou wilt become fatigued, thou wilt become tired; thou art to provide water, to grind maize, to drudge† (15) Paz Labyrinth â€Å"Rubà ©n Darà ­o, like all the other great poets, considered woman to be not only an instrument of knowledge but alsoRead MoreThe Ancient Civilizations of Central and South America Essay5364 Words   |  22 Pages and these market places were generally extremely busy places. The largest of these marketplaces was located in the capital city, Tenochititlan. All sorts of goods were traded, such as the crops people would farm which were mainly maize, beans, or squash and other items such as art work or pottery done by the artisans. Slaves were also bought and sold in these areas. These market places were bustling with people all the time, so a sense of law and order had to be maintainedRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pagesbeen written double wherever they are heard long in lexical items. This practice differs from the recommendation of the Standardization Committee, because tone is being fully marked. Although it is ppossible to use the falling tone mark on nwà ¢nyà ¬Ã¯â‚¬ ¬ (woman) to avoid writing nwaà  nyà ¬Ã¯â‚¬ ¬ with double vowels, it is not possible to use any single tone mark on niÄ «le/niÄ «ne (all) to represent the high-step sequence correctly. It is also felt that the recommendation of the Standardization Committee is inconsistentRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesBlack, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Michael Adas, ed., Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History Jack Metzgar, Striking Steel: Solidarity Remembered Janis Appier, Policing Women: The Sexual Politics of

Essay on Effective Communication Case Study - 1254 Words

Effective Communication Case Study Analysis Communication can be defined as the act of transmitting information. Effective communication is a two way process. Information that flows back and forth between sender and receiver is considered effective (Clark 2003). For example, an organization communicates to their publics and then begins to look for feedback from their customers to ensure that everyone understands the message. Sometimes the feedback is not verbal and organizations can only measure the effectiveness by analyzing consumers actions (Clark 2003). Some companies have a great understanding of their customers and excel with effective communication. One such company is Johnson Johnson. The purpose of this paper is to present a†¦show more content†¦The company started by sending out a nationwide alert to all doctors and all distributors (Bell, n.d.). The company then issued a massive recall of 31 million bottles of Tylenol (Bell, n.d.). Johnson Johnson issued the recall even after the company found out that the products were tampered with after the bottles reached the stores (Bell, n.d.). According to Albert Tortorella, Manager of the firm that advised Johnson Johnson, Before 1982, nobody ever recalled anything (Rehak, 2002). This PR tactic showed the public that the company was ethically motivated to protect the people at any cost. The decision is estimated to have cost the company over $100 Million (Rehak, 2002). However, the benefit to the company was consumer trust. Upon the return to the market, the PR department issued coupons for $2.50 to get consumers to buy the new product (Susi, 2002). They also introduced a lower pricing plan to attract buyers to their product (Susi, 2002). To inform the public about the crisis Johnson Johnson was not alone. Local police in the Chicago are drove around through neighborhoods announcing the danger of the pain medicine and informed everyone that was present of the recall (Bell, n.d.). An objective third party kept the public informed about the crisis. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) helped Johnson Johnson calm the public by holding several press conferences (Center and Jackson, 2003). Not to mention the news media captured every quote fromShow MoreRelatedEffective Communication and Employee Morale: Transact Insurance Case Study2293 Words   |  10 PagesEffective Communication and Employee Morale: TransAct Insurance Case Study Communication is a vital component to every organization ranging from small town business all the way to high echelon divisions within the Military. If not properly executed during planning, implementation, or after action reviews, poor results and employee disconnect from task and purpose are sure to follow. Perhaps what’s even worse, employee morale and confidence in management will decrease resulting in degraded levelsRead MoreEffective Communication Case Study Analysis: Case 9-1 Pepsi Syringe884 Words   |  4 PagesEffective Communication Case Study Analysis Case 9-1 Pepsi Syringe University of Phoenix Public Relations / MKT 438 Charles Bocage, Dean of Education, Apagy Technology Group, MBA, MSIS, TQM January 22, 2007 Effective Communication Case Study Analysis Case 9-1 Theres a Syringe in My Pepsi Can Public, private, and non-profit organizations have experienced unprecedented change. The function of public relations has gained recognition for providing appropriate counsel to organizationsRead MoreThe Leadership Styles Of The Chief Of Sunrise Regional Council Essay1676 Words   |  7 Pages1. Introduction This report was commission by Shayne Williams, CEO of Sunrise Regional Council. Its purpose is to analyse and advise on improving communication practices between the council and the communities as well as between manager and employees in the council. According to the case study, Shayne Williams recognised the former CEOs reasoning and decision-making was sound, but his failure to communicate his vision has resulted in lack of support from all stakeholders. Shayne is concerned nowRead MoreEffective Communication And Time Management For A Patient With An Acute St Elevated Myocardial Infarction1591 Words   |  7 PagesAdult Case study – Effective communication and time management for a patient with an Acute ST-elevated Myocardial Infarction. Case study The NMC code of conduct states â€Å"As a nurse or a midwife, you owe a duty of confidentiality to all those who are receiving care† (NMC; 2015 p.5). In accordance with the NMC code of conduct I shall be using a pseudonym to discuss my patient. Mr Alpha is a 55 year old paramedic who started complaining of chest pain, nausea and shortness of breath at 08:00 which improvedRead MoreEffective Communication1354 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscuss how effective communication, leadership and writing style will be of use to me as I seek to further my education. Specifically, I discuss how these skills/ideas will enhance my success in my Masters degree. Pillars of Success: An Overview As I have already pointed out in the introductory section, for one to succeed in a specific undertaking, the relevance of developing a number of specific skills cannot be overstated. For instance, an individual who lacks effective communication skills orRead MoreThe New Manager Needs A Coach Essay1409 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study One: The New Manager Needs A Coach Flora Fauna is a new nurse manager for surgical services at Happy Days Hospital (HDH). As a take charge individual, Flora held a meeting with the staffs whom she oversees. During the meeting, she asked the staffs for suggestions on improving the unit. One of the staff suggested that she hired a full-time Register Nurse (RN). Flora decided that hiring a new RN is over budget and shut the idea down without considering it. In addition to shutting downRead MoreKey Communiation Processes939 Words   |  4 PagesCommunication is the process of transferring information and meaning between senders and receivers (Bovà ©e Thill, 2012,p. 35). Communication is important, as it allows human to share vital information of each other and allows exchange of ideas. In business, good communication sends a message of your company’s product and your vision to consumers, the government, and potential and existing investors. When you are communicating, there is a complex process involved. According to Bovà ©e and Thill (2012Read MoreA Brief Note On Gender And Communication Effectiveness1403 Words   |  6 PagesGender and Communication Effectiveness This paper investigates gender and communication effectiveness. Communication behavior, after so much research, has been said to remain stable and consistent (Athenstaedt, Haas, and Schwab, 2004). The notion that woman are more effective communicators has been proven in previous studies such as the study of smiling and gender (Halberstadt, Hayes, and Pike, 1988) and also in the study of gender differences in interaction style and influence (Carli, 1989).Read MoreKey Features Of A Help Desk Essay1244 Words   |  5 Pagesinformation all across the business that helps in making effective decisions. It is important to mention that Help desk has number of key roles to play in the daily operations of business. Especially in the hospitality sector the help desk works as the lifeline for the organisation as it represents the entire business in front of consumers hence it is important that the Help desk has the right balance for the consumers as well as the internal communication for the companies (LaudonLaudon, 2011). There areRead MoreKey Factors That Impact Change1285 Words   |  6 Pagesof the change initiative in the case study and utilize articles to research the impacting factors, as well as determine the three factors that are most important to the success of an organizational change project. Case Study: Texas Children s Hospital Helping Employees Adapt to Change at Texas Children s Hospital is a case study that focuses on the importance of effective change management among two business units within Texas Children s Hospital. The case study shows just how drastically the possibility

Beyond mass media Free Essays

Mass media are inherently incompatible with a participatory society because of their mass character, not just because of government control or corporate influence. Mass media should be abandoned and replaced by participatory media organised as networks, such as telephone and computer networks. Los medios de comunicacion son inherentemente incompatibles con una sociedad participativa, debido a su caracter de masas, no solo por el control del gobierno o de la influencia corporativa. We will write a custom essay sample on Beyond mass media or any similar topic only for you Order Now Los medios de comunicacion deben ser abandonados y sustituidos por los medios participativos organizados en redes, como el telefono y las redes informaticas. Complaints about the mass media are commonplace. To begin, there is the low quality of many of the programmes and articles. There is the regular portrayal of violence, given an attention out of proportion with its frequency in everyday life. – More generally, most of the mass media give much more attention to bad news–crime, deaths, disasters, wars, etc. –than to positive sides of the human condition. – The mass media frequently create unrealistic fears about criminals, foreign peoples and the like. Las denuncias de los medios de comunicacion son comunes. Para empezar, esta la baja calidad de muchos de los programas y articulos. No es la representacion ordinaria de la violencia, dada una atencion desproporcionada en relacion con su frecuencia en la vida cotidiana. -Mas en general, la mayoria de los medios de comunicacion dan mucha mas atencion a las malas noticias – la delincuencia, muertes, desastres, guerras, etc – que a los aspectos positivos de la condicion humana. -Los medios de comunicacion con frecuencia crean temores poco realistas sobre los criminales, los pueblos extranjeros y similares. â€Å"News† often is more like entertainment than information or education. -News reports, especially on television, are typically given WITHOUT much overt context. The latest events are described, but not what led up to them or caused them. The result is that consumers of the media learn a lot of facts but frequently don’t understand how they fit together. â€Å"Context† is the result of the assumptions behind the facts, and this context is all the more powerful because it is nei ther stated nor commented upon. â€Å"Noticias†, a menudo es mas como entretenimiento que la informacion o la educacion. -Los informes de prensa, sobre todo en la television, se suelen dar sin mucho contexto manifiesta. -Los ultimos acontecimientos se describen, pero no lo levaron a ellos o les causo. El resultado es que los consumidores de los medios de comunicacion aprenden mucho de los hechos, pero con frecuencia no entienden como encajan entre si. â€Å"Contexto† es el resultado de los supuestos detras de los hechos, y este contexto es aun mas potente, ya que no es ni afirmo ni comentado. Even the â€Å"facts† that are presented are often wrong or misleading. – Powerful groups, especially governments and large corporations, shape the news in a range of ways offering access to stories in exchange for favourable coverage, spreading disinformation, and threatening reprisals. Incluso los â€Å"hechos† que se presentan son a menudo erroneas o enganosas. – Los grupos poderosos, especialmente los gobiernos y las grandes corporaciones, forma la noticia en una gama de formas que ofrece acceso a las historias a cambio de una cobertura favorable, desinformar, y las represalias mortales. This argument suggests that reform of the media, although useful, should not be the goal. Instead, the aim should be to replace mass media by communication systems which are much more participatory. Este argumento sugiere que la reforma de los medios de comunicacion, aunque util, no debe ser la meta. En cambio, el objetivo debe ser la sustitucion de los medios de comunicacion mediante sistemas de comunicacion, que son mucho mas participativo. Replace undemocratic media structure: reemplazar las estructuras de comunicacion democraticos.. The usual approaches Private mass media are often justified as being a vital part of the â€Å"marketplace of ideas. † But, as a way of promoting truth, this so-called market is largely a myth, serving mainly the interests of elites. Los medios de comunicacion privados a menudo se justifican como una parte vital del â€Å"mercado de las ideas. Pero, como una forma de promover la verdad, este llamado mercado es en gran parte un mito, que sirve principalmente a los intereses de las elites. ARGUMENTS AGAINST THE MASS MEDIA (1) Emergencies. The mass media, especially radio and television, can come in handy in emergencies: messages can be broadcast, reaching a large fraction of the population. Emergencias. Los medios de comunicacion, especialme nte la radio y la television, puede ser util en situaciones de emergencia: los mensajes pueden ser transmitidos, alcanzando una gran parte de la poblacion. AGAINST—–But the mass media are not really necessary for emergency purposes. Fire alarms, for example, do not rely on conventional media. Furthermore, network media, including telephone and computer networks, can be set up to allow emergency communications. Pero los medios de comunicacion no son realmente necesarios para casos de emergencia. Las alarmas de incendio, por ejemplo, no confian en los medios de comunicacion convencionales. Por otra parte, los medios de comunicacion de red, incluyendo telefonia y redes informaticas, se pueden configurar para permitir las comunicaciones de emergencia. Actually, the mass media are a great vulnerability in certain emergencies: military coups. Because they allow a few people to communicate to a large population with little possibility of dialogue, television and radio stations are commonly the first targets in military takeovers. Censorship of newspapers is a next step. This connection between coups and mass media also highlights the role of mass media in authoritarian regimes. En realidad, los medios de comunicacion son una gran vulnerabilidad en ciertas situaciones de emergencia: los golpes militares. Porque permiten que algunas personas se comunican a una gran poblacion con poca posibilidad de dialogo, la television y la radio son normalmente los primeros blancos en golpes militares. La censura de prensa es el siguiente paso. Esta conexion entre los golpes de Estado y medios de comunicacion tambien pone de relieve el papel de los medios de comunicacion en los regimenes autoritarios. AGAINST—-Military strength is no defence against a military coup, and indeed may be the cause of one. To resist a coup, network communications are far superior to mass media (Schweik Action, 1992). So, from the point of view of preparing for emergencies, mass media are bad investments. La fuerza militar no es una defensa contra un golpe de estado militar, y de hecho puede ser la causa de una. Para resistir un golpe de Estado, las comunicaciones de red son muy superiores a los medios de comunicacion (Schweik Accion, 1992). Por lo tanto, desde el punto de vista de la preparacion para casos de emergencia, los medios de comunicacion son malas inversiones. (2) Media talent. The mass media allow many people to enjoy and learn from the efforts of some very talented people: actors, musicians, athletes, journalists and commentators. True. But just as many people can enjoy and learn from these talented people without the mass media, for example through audio and video recordings. 2) el talento Media. Los medios de comunicacion permiten que muchas personas puedan disfrutar y aprender de los esfuerzos de algunas personas muy talentosas: actores, musicos, atletas, periodistas y comentaristas. Verdadero. Pero al igual que muchas personas puedan disfrutar y aprender de estas personas con talento y sin los medios de comunicacion, por ejemplo a traves de grabaciones de audio y video. AGAINST—-Furthermore, the mass media suppress access to all but a few performers and contributors. Those who are left out have a much better chance of reaching a sympathetic audience via network media. Por otra parte, los medios de comunicacion suprimir el acceso a casi todos los artistas y colaboradores. Los que se quedan fuera tienen una mejor oportunidad de llegar a un publico mas simpatico a traves de los medios de comunicacion de la red. Richard Schickel (1985) points out that the celebrity is a twentieth-century phenomenon, created especially by movies and television. He describes a culture of celebrity, in which people strive to be well known, even if this is only because they have appeared on the screen. The culture of celebrity, he argues, is undermining many traditional practices. For example, politicians are sold on the media in terms of image rather than policies. Richard Schickel (1985) senala que la celebridad es un fenomeno del siglo XX, creado especialmente por el cine y la television. El describe la cultura de la celebridad, en la que las personas se esfuerzan por ser bien conocido, aunque esto es solo porque han aparecido en la pantalla. La cultura de la celebridad, sostiene, esta socavando muchas de las practicas tradicionales. Por ejemplo, los politicos se venden en los medios de comunicacion en terminos de imagen, mas que politicas. (3)Large resources. The mass media command enormous resources, both financial and symbolic. This makes it possible for them to pursue large or expensive projects: large-budget films, special investigative teams, in-depth coverage of key events. 3) los recursos grandes. Los enormes recursos de los medios de comunicacion de masas de comando, tanto economicos como simbolicos. Esto hace que sea posible para ellos para perseguir grandes o costosos proyectos: peliculas de gran presupuesto, equipos especiales de investigacion, la cobertura en profundidad de los principales acontecimientos. AGAINST—-Actually, large-scale projects are also possible with network systems. They simply require cooperation and collaboration. For example, some public domain software (free computer programmes) is quite sophisticated and has been produced with the help of many people. In centralised systems, far-reaching decisions can be made by just a few people. In decentralised systems, greater participation is required. En realidad, los proyectos a gran escala tambien son posibles con los sistemas de la red. Simplemente se requiere de la cooperacion y la colaboracion. Por ejemplo, algunos programas de dominio publico (programas informaticos gratuitos) es bastante sofisticado y ha sido elaborado con la ayuda de muchas personas. En los sistemas centralizados, decisiones de gran alcance se pueden hacer unas pocas personas. En los sistemas descentralizados, se requiere una mayor participacion. These four possible arguments for retaining mass media, in some reformed and improved form, actually turn out to be arguments against mass media. ABSTRACT AGAINST: – The mass media are not necessary for emergencies and are actually a key vulnerability to those who would take over a society. -The mass media are not necessary to enjoy and benefit from the talent of others, and they foster an unhealthy emphasis on image. -Finally, although the mass media can undertake large projects, such projects can also dev elop through network media, but in a way involving participation rather than central direction. Estos cuatro argumentos posibles para retener los medios de comunicacion, de una forma reformada y mejorada, en realidad resultan ser argumentos en contra de los medios de comunicacion. RESUMEN EN CONTRA – Los medios de comunicacion no son necesarios en caso de emergencia y en realidad son una vulnerabilidad clave a los que se haria cargo de una sociedad. -Los medios de comunicacion no son necesarios para disfrutar y aprovechar el talento de los demas, y fomentar un enfasis enfermizo en la imagen. -Por ultimo, aunque los medios de comunicacion pueden llevar a cabo grandes proyectos, estos proyectos tambien pueden desarrollarse a traves de los medios de comunicacion de la red, pero de una manera que implica la participacion en lugar de la direccion central. PARTICIPATORY MEDIA AGAINST–Mass media are inherently corrupting. A small number of owners and editors exercise great power over what is communicated to large numbers of people. -Mass media should be replaced by participatory media organised as networks, such as telephone and computer networks. Los medios de comunicacion son inherentemente corrompiendo. Un pequeno numero de propietarios y editores ejercen un gran poder sobre lo que se comunica a un gran numero de personas. – Los medios de comunicacion deben ser sustituidos por medios participativos organizados en redes, como el telefono y las redes informaticas. How to cite Beyond mass media, Papers

Biographical Essay free essay sample

Architects are skilled in he arts and sciences of building designs and develop and turn concepts for structures into reality. Throughout history there have been many fields and artists that change the way the world perceives masterpieces. Architecture is one such field where great minds create marvels and change perspectives. Many architects are responsible for having emotional impacts on peoples lives and can change the way towns, cities, and countries are seen. Two architects that have greatly influenced American history are Richard Morris Hunt and Frank Lloyd Wright.These two architects changed the definition of architecture and the way the world is perceived. Richard Morris Hunt was Americas leading architect in the late 19th century, also known as the Gilded Age. Hunt was known for designing many lavish and notable buildings by combining historical architectural elements with modern technology. Considered the dean of American architecture, Hunt played an important role in shaping and professionalism the architectural practice and education in the United States (Rose). Hunts work and knowledge in architecture, established precedents for education that included formal, intellectual, technical, and professional principles (Rose). The first academic architectural training programs were established in America by a close group of people in Hunts circle and were instructed to lead by his example. Richard Hunt was born in Vermont on October 31, 1827. After moving to Europe with his mother, Hunt took an interest in architecture and became the first American architect to study at the number one architectural school in the world, Cole des Beaux-Arts in Paris. Here Hunt became a leader in his profession and in establishing the American Institute of Architects (Roth). Hunt returned to the United States in 1 855 and established a practice where e sought to bring European knowledge, modern and historical, back home to a land he barely knew, but saw promise (Rose). Hunts traveling and widespread knowledge strengthened his view of architecture. By the early 1 asss, Hunts success as an architect became known among the newly rich industrial magnates of New York (AFAIK, Movement and Woodenness).Americas aristocrats wanted houses that imitated the ancestral mansions of European nobility (AFAIK, Movement and Woodenness). Hunts most well-known architectural designs for one of Americas prestigious families, included his works for William Assam Vanderbilt. The Vanderbilt family and Hunt remained in close association throughout his career. Called The Breakers, this Fifth Avenue town house in Newport, Rhode Island, was Runes first work he designed for the Vanderbilt family.Coined Newborns grandest cottages, The Breakers is a symbol of the Vanderbilt familys social and financial preeminence in turn of the century America (The Preservation Society of Newport County). Hunts other most famous work he helped design for the Vanderbilt family is the grand Biltmore Estate, a statuesque country mansion in Asheville, North Carolina. Working closely with Frederick Law Limited, Hunt designed the main house, keeping with the French Renaissance style identified with the Vanderbilt family (Roth).The Biltmore Estate, built of steel and Indian limestone with the latest modern amenities, is the largest house Hunt ever designed, containing more than 250 rooms. It combines elements from French chateaux, including a grand stair and a front axial garden rising to a hilltop (Roth). The immense house accommodated both Hunts and Vanderbilt dre ams they had for the mansion. Other works include Hunts design of the base for the Statue of Liberty and he central portion of the Fifth Avenue facade of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.Hunts greatest impact on American architecture was his involvement with the 1893 Worlds Columbian Exposition in Chicago. A committee of Americas most important architects was formed to design the temporary buildings for the fair under Daniel H. Burnham. Hunts influence as the professions leading architect, lead him to direct the entire plan along Beaux-Arts lines (AFAIK, Movement and Woodenness). The many buildings were around a large Court of Honor and Hunts Administration Building stood at he head Of its lagoon.It was agreed upon by the committee that the materials used would reflect the Italian Renaissance, stucco painted white, and all the buildings would maintain a uniform sixty-foot-high cornice line (AFAIK, Movement and Woodenness). Coined The White City, the Worlds Columbian Exposition captivated Americans and started a movement that produced proposals for new civic cores in cities nationwide (AFAIK, Movement and Woodenness). Respected by many, Richard Morris Hunt greatly impacted America with his prestigious designs and knowledge of architecture.Another great American architect and often called the masters of modern architecture was Frank Lloyd Wright. During the United States second century, Wright engaged and endeavored to shape American democracys emergence and evolution in the modern world (Macerate). Wright sought to develop a respected architecture for the young and changing America in the twentieth century. Frank Lloyd Wright was born on June 8, 1867 in Richland Center, Wisconsin (Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation). As a child, Wright and his family moved around a lot, but eventually settled down back in Madison, Wisconsin. After his parents divorce, Wright worked for the dean of the University of Wisconsin department of engineering while also studying at the university. Wright was always intrigued with artistic and special studies and in 1887, he left Madison for Chicago, where he worked in the architectural office of Joseph Lyman Sessile. However, Wright aspired to work for Adler and Sullivan, an architectural firm that drew from nature for its ornament while creating simple, modern forms (AFAIK, Movement and Woodenness). In 1888, Wright accepted a five year contract as a draftsman for Adler and Sullivan.Wright designed and built his first home in Oak Park. Wright was unique in his design, experimenting with various geometric shapes and volumes. Oak Park was a modest residence reminiscent of the East Coast shingle style with its prominent roof gable (Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation). Wrights home soon became his studio for his own practice he established after he was fired from Adler and Sullivan for designing other houses outside of office time (AFAIK, Movement and Woodenness). Chicago was newly developing and its residents wanted value for their money and were willing to let Wright experiment with his designs.Early in his independent career, Wright experimented with different styles including, Colonial, Tudor, Georgian, Shingle Style, and Queen Ann (AFAIK, Movement and Woodenness). Wright later developed his own style, after the rolling land of the prairie. The Prairie Style homes Wright designed emphasized horizontal lines and sat close to the ground and seemed to be tied organically to the landscape surrounding it. Wrights first independent commission was the home of William H. Winslow in 1893. The structure is symmetrical and organized around a central replace dominated by horizontal lines.The home greatly exemplified Wrights Prairie Style, with its low-pitched roof, deep overhangs, and low placement of windows which personified the horizontal theme (AFAIK, Movement and Woodenness). Wright went on to design many other homes using the Prairie Style, his last being the Robbie House, built for Frederick Robbie in 1909. The design included a three-story structure that separated Robes work and living area. The low wall in front of the house shields the ground floor from the noisy street and allowed privacy for the family.Wrights cantilevered roof n the second level of the Robbie House was constructed of welded steel beams, which marked the first use of welded steel in residential construction (AFAIK, Movement and Woodenness). Wright designed everything for the Robbie house; furniture, fixtures, and he went as far as designing clothing for Mrs. . Robbie to wear while entertaining (AFAIK, Movement and Woodenness). The Robbie House is Wrights most celebrated house from the first phase of his career. Wrights career also included commercial buildings as well. Two of Wrights most notable works were the Larkin Building in New York and unity Temple in Oak Park.The Larkin Building was a vertical six-story building with a full- height sky lit atrium in the center, which introduced the natural environment into the workplace. This became one Wrights most widely published designs, especially in Europe, where it USA emulated by various designers (AFAIK, Movement and Woodenness). Sadly the Larkin Building was demolished in 1949 and turned into a parking lot. Unlike the Larkin Building, unity Temple still stands today and serves its original functions. Wrights first experiment with concrete and the first attempt anywhere to use it straightforwardly, was used n the exterior of unity Temple.Due to its location on a busy street, Wright turned the building inward to reduce the noise. The inside of the building richly glows of amber and gold as light shines through the skylights in the center of the main floor (AFAIK, Movement and Woodenness). Unity Temple is considered to be one of Wrights most important structures. Wrights reputation quickly spread worldwide and after working in Japan constructing the Imperial Hotel, Wright traveled back to America and was commissioned to design a vacation house in the mountains of Peephole, Pennsylvania for E. J. Kaufmann, Sir.Wrights Flamethrowers perhaps the most famous house that was not built for royalty anywhere in the world. The most notable feature of the site of Billingsgate is a rocky outcropping where a small stream falls over a series of ledges (AFAIK, Movement and Woodenness). Wright chose to plant the house beside the stream, letting the balconies hang over it. All of the elements, from the quarried stone to the glass floating between slate floors, minimize the distinction between interior and exterior. The stones of the pillars appear to grow straight up from the ground (AFAIK, Movement and Woodenness). Billingsgate quickly became famous and is now a National Historic Landmark. Still to this day, Wright remains by far the most widely recognized Modern architect in the world. Richard Morris Hunt and Frank Lloyd Wright are two very important, yet different architects that influenced American architecture. Each architect had different styles and constructed different building, but both greatly impacted Architecture in America throughout their careers. Hunt was known for his lavish and ornate European style structures, while Wrights designs contained more contemporary ideals of Transcendentalism.

Creep test lab report Sample

Creep test lab report Paper Support the beam by raising the support screw (l) until it slightly lifts the beam 3. Close the doors of the test area and switch on the main power 4. Adjust the temperature to a desired value by using the temperature controller S. Switch on the heater (E), 6. Wait for the temperature inside the test area to achieve steady-state. 7. Then, lower the support screw until it no longer supports the beam. 8, Adjust the dial gauge (F) so that it gives a zero reading. 9. Attach the weight hanger (H) and sired amount of weights at the end of the beam. I C, Set the timer (B) to one minute, and switch on the timer 11. Once one minute has elapsed (the alarm should trigger), record the dial gauge reading. 12. Repeat steps 10 and II for additional readings. 13. Once the experiment is over, switch Off heater, timer and main power _ 14. Tabulate the results, and plot the graph of strain vs.. Time. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS I _ Always wear gloves when attempting to retrieve a hot specimen to avoid injury. If possible, allow the specimen to cool down for at least 10 minutes before removing it from the oven. 2. DO not set the temperature to exceed CZ, as this may cause damage to electrical components and sensors in the unit. We will write a custom essay sample on Creep test lab report specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Creep test lab report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Creep test lab report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Tipos de visas de trabajo y casos en que aplican

Tipos de visas de trabajo y casos en que aplican Estados Unidos permite cada aà ±o que miles de extranjeros ingresen al paà ­s para trabajar legalmente en una amplà ­sima variedad de profesiones y ocupaciones. Este derecho se concede por medio de ms de una veintena de diferentes visas de trabajo, que pueden ser permanentes o temporales. En este à ºltimo caso, el titular debe renovarla, cambiar su situacià ³n migratoria o salir del paà ­s una vez que su visa expire. Visas de inmigrante: tarjeta de residencia o green card Las personas con habilidades extraordinarias puedan solicitar una visa EB-1. Aplica a deportistas, cientà ­ficos, educadores, empresarios y artistas de reconocido prestigio como, por ejemplo, los ganadores de un premio Nobel o de una medalla olà ­mpica. Estas personas pueden solicitar la visa por sà ­ mismas rellenando el formulario I-140 del Servicio de Ciudadanà ­a e Inmigracià ³n de los Estados Unidos (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Profesores universitarios, investigadores, ejecutivos de multinacionales, personas con estudios de doctorado finalizados o licenciados con al menos cinco aà ±os de experiencia laboral, deportistas, artistas, cientà ­ficos o empresarios con habilidades excepcionales pueden conseguir una visa de trabajo permanente EB-2. A diferencia de las EB-1, las visas EB-2 exigen que la peticià ³n sea realizada por un empleador de Estados Unidos. Es decir, requiere la existencia previa de una oferta de trabajo concreta. Adems, es necesario obtener una certificacià ³n laboral individual del Departamento de Trabajo de Estados Unidos. La à ºnica excepcià ³n a esta certificacià ³n es poder demostrar ante el USCIS que se tiene capacidad especial que puede favorecer los intereses nacionales de Estados Unidos. Asimismo, tambià ©n pueden obtener una visa permanente de trabajo, en este caso una EB-3, los profesionales con estudios universitarios, los trabajadores con conocimientos especiales con al menos dos aà ±os de experiencia o entrenamiento o, incluso, trabajadores sin habilidades especiales. En estos casos es necesario cumplir con los siguientes requisitos: que un empresario en Estados Unidos realice una oferta de trabajo permanente y a tiempo completo.que el empleador no encuentre en ese momento a una persona estadounidense o residente permanente que pueda cubrir el puesto de trabajo vacante.que el Departamento de Trabajo certifique la capacidad laboral de la persona extrajera.que el empleador presente ante el USCIS el formulario I-140 y demuestre la capacidad para pagar el salario que ofrece por el trabajo. Adems, situaciones muy diferentes como ser mà ©dico, haber trabajador en la Zona del Canal de Panam, ser monja o cura, trabajar para una organizacià ³n internacional, como la ONU o la OEA, o haber trabajador para la OTAN puede dar derecho a ser beneficiario de una visa de trabajo permanente EB-4. El formulario a rellenar es el I-360 y el cà ³nyuge e hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os de las personas que obtengan un visado EB-4 pueden residir legalmente en Estados Unidos. Por à ºltimo, la persona extranjera que invierta un millà ³n de dà ³lares -o medio millà ³n si la inversià ³n se hace en una determinada zona que el gobierno favorece con el objetivo de crear empleo- y genere un mà ­nimo de 10 puestos de trabajo tiene derecho a obtener la visa permanente EB-5. Visas de trabajo temporal Existen una veintena de visas temporales para trabajar en Estados Unidos y que solicitan profesionales tan distintos como modelos, ingenieros, enfermeras, trabajadores temporales del campo o personas con habilidades artà ­sticas o cientà ­ficas especiales.   Una de las visas ms populares es la H-1B. Salvo en el caso de los modelos, las personas titulares de esta visa deben poseer un tà ­tulo universitario y deben trabajar en un campo considerado por las autoridades estadounidenses como una â€Å"ocupacià ³n especial†. Entre los profesionales que pueden beneficiarse de esta visa se encuentran, entre otros, maestros, ingenieros, arquitectos, abogados y matemticos. Cada aà ±o se fija por ley el nà ºmero de visas H-1B que pueden concederse, siendo en la actualidad 65,000. Pero existen un cupo de 20,000 para las personas que hayan obtenido sus maestrà ­as o doctorados en universidades estadounidenses. Cuando el nà ºmero de solicitantes excede al cupo de visas disponible se realiza una  loterà ­a de visas. Asimismo, existen cupos especiales para los nacionales de ciertos paà ­ses como Chile, para quien se reserva un cupo de 1,400 visas. Y no estn sujetas a cupo las visas otorgadas a trabajadores de centros de investigacià ³n. Una buena alternativa para la visa H-1 son las TN para profesionales, pero sà ³lo pueden sacarla canadienses y mexicanos. Estas son las 60 profesiones que permiten aplicar por estas visas. Otras visas temporales populares son la O-1, para personas con habilidades extraordinarias en las ciencias, las artes, el deporte o el mundo de los negocios. La P-1A para deportistas reconocidos (incluidos jugadores profesionales de videojuegos, a quien Inmigracià ³n equipara a deportistas de à ©lite). Otras visas son la P-1B, P-2 y P-3 para los artistas de prestigio y la H-2A para trabajadores agrà ­colas y las H-2B para temporeros en actividades que no estn relacionadas con la agricultura o las C1/D para trabajar en cruceros para los que es necesario ingresar a Estados Unidos para embarcar en el barco en el que se va a trabajar. Los cruceros que inician sus viajes en EE.UU. contratan cada aà ±o a miles de personas en distintas calidades de trabajos, muchos son extranjeros. Frecuentemente, agencias de contratacià ³n seleccionan a los empleados para cruceros. Los sueldos que se brindan son superiores al salario mà ­nimo en Estados Unidos. Otra visa con particularidades propias en la B-1 para empleados domà ©sticos. Por à ºltimo, destacan las de la familia J-1 (visas de intercambio). Con ellas se puede trabajar temporalmente en EEUU en capacidades muy distintas, como por ejemplo: au pair (nià ±era)maestro (docente)prcticas profesionalesmà ©dicos que realizan la residencia en Estados Unidos para especializarsetrabajo en ONGs de Estados Unidos por programa J-1.Visa para universitarios extranjeros para trabajar en USA durante el veranoVisa para monitores de campamento en USA Familiares: cà ³nyuge e hijos Salvo excepciones, como en el caso de las visas L-1A y L-1B concedidas a ejecutivos y gerentes enviados por sus empresas a trabajar a sus oficinas en Estados Unidos. Otro caso es el de los supuestos de las visas tipo E otorgadas a cierto tipo de comerciantes e inversionistas, los cà ³nyuges de las personas beneficiadas por una visa de trabajo temporal podrn vivir legalmente en Estados Unidos, pero no podrn dispondrn de permiso de trabajo. Recientemente se cambià ³ esta regla pero sà ³lo para casos muy excepcionales de personas que tengan una H-4 En muchos casos se puede, adems, obtener una visa derivada para los hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os. Si estn estudiando la primaria o la secundaria es muy importante familiarizarse cuanto antes con las particularidades y opciones que brinda el sistema educativo de los Estados Unidos. Tramitacià ³n urgente de las visas de trabajo Por à ºltimo, destacar que varias visas de trabajo (pero no todas) permiten su tramitacià ³n por và ­a rpida, rellenando el formulario I-907 y pagando $1,225 a mayores. Asà ­ pues, la inmigracià ³n para trabajar en Estados Unidos est abierta. En algunos casos la misma persona puede optar por ms de un tipo de visa. Antes de elegir deber examinar con cuidado los requisitos de cada una, el nà ºmero de visas que se conceden anualmente en cada categorà ­a y los meses e incluso aà ±os de espera que existen en algunas de ellas. Tiempos de demora Verifica las semanas o meses (o aà ±os) que hay que esperar para diversos trmites migratorios: Corte, visas, residencia, PERM para obtener autorizacià ³n del Departamento de Trabajo o solicitudes al USCIS. De interà ©s Estas son las 30  profesiones donde ms crecer la demanda de empleo en los prà ³ximos ocho aà ±os, segà ºn el Departamento de Trabajo de los Estados Unidos. Este artà ­culo es informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

THE RHETORICAL SITUATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

THE RHETORICAL SITUATION - Essay Example ance with the author of the piece under consideration, the main reason why students fail at learning English is associated with their teachers’ inability to get their knowledge of the language across because of their incompetence as well as outmoded approach to teaching English. At the same time, the author claims the situation is improving, even though the changes take place randomly and do not promise immediate results. Throughout the article, the author uses Aristotelian type of argument. First, he makes an argument that many counties fail at teaching English and then uses a range of examples, mostly statistical data, to persuade the audience and confirm the position. Therefore, the major technique to reach the audience, which is used by the author, is the appeal to reasoning. In particular, it is inductive reasoning that is utilized: the author starts with an example of the specific case and then passes on to broad

Assignment about lean six sigma Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

About lean six sigma - Assignment Example Common Team Tools and Their Application to Lean Six Sigma Six Sigma refers to an approach that involves a rigorous procedure that ensures a team delivers its maximum yield. Its philosophy is best summarized by the abbreviation DMAIC, which stands for definition, measurement, analysis, improvement, and control (Donald & Kubiak, p. 23). This method defines the required steps that a Six Sigma practitioner must follow. It starts with the identification of the problem and follows through to the implementation of a long lasting solution. This methodology is widely accepted and practiced. Team tools are the assessments, ice breakers and other practical activities that are employed to help teams get back on track, move forward or help build trust among team members (Donald & Kubiak, p. 23). This section discusses the team tools as applied to Six Sigma. Definition is the first step of any project during which the business goal and potential resources, project depth, and timeline are clearly d efined. The problem is defined, customers identified, and the way forward charted. The measurement concept entails data collection in a bid to establish the performance standard. This measure will be compared to the measure at conclusion to establish whether goals have been met. This measured data is critical since it forms the basis for gauging the performance of a project team. At analysis, the main task is to identify, corroborate, and select causes for elimination. A number of root causes are identified and a vote is cast, the top three or four causes are identified and the process is done recursively using complex analysis tools until the valid root cause is identified (Donald & Kubiak, p. 23). In improvement, solutions to problems are identified, tested, and implemented. Measurement identifies the creative measures to solve or eliminate the problem identified in the previous step. Techniques such as ‘Six Thinking Hats’ and ‘Design of Experiments’ are used in this step. These techniques may be avoided incase solutions are obvious. Finally, the control stage serves to sustain the gains as improvements are monitored to ensure sustainable output. This process also involves an update of training and business strategies and records. In some cases, control chart techniques are used to graphically assess the stability and progress of a progress. Types of Teams The most common on teams are the vertical/functional teams. These are teams formed to execute explicit tasks and routinely include members from various levels in the hierarchy or a business. Modestly put, a vertical team consists of a manager working with subordinates in a certain functional department (Devine, p. 330). Examples of vertical or functional teams include departments in an organization such as Accounts, personnel or Engineering. On the other hand, horizontal or cross-functional teams consist of experts from different departments coming together to work on various task s within an organization. The team members may come from different departments such as design, research and development, technical, and marketing. Once formed, horizontal teams are typically self-directed and make decisions that do not need the approval of the management (Devine, p. 302). Horizontal

Pseudophryne corroboree Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Pseudophryne corroboree - Assignment Example A species recovery program was implemented to identify the processes that threaten species and formulate a definite strategy to properly address such threatening process and execute recovery actions. In March 1997, three P. corroboree populations were chosen for population augmentation: Dargal Range (Site A) population with 32 calling males, Jugumba Range (Site B) population with 13 calling males, and Round Mountain Range (Site C) population with 2 calling males. These sites were inspected after the breeding season to collect clutches for captive rearing at the Amphibian Research Center (ARC) in Melbourne. Sixteen nest out of 25 male nests in the three sites contained eggs. From the 16 nests, 374 eggs were gathered for captive rearing while 324 left in their respective nests for filed comparison. The highest level of mortality in the three field sites was observed during the over-winter stage, with total mortality in site B. For the captive-reared tadpoles, the highest rate of mortality was observed in the post-winter tadpole stage. The percentage of captive-reared animals survived was higher than the percentage survived at Site B, while there was no significant difference between the rate of survival for Site A and captive-rearing. Thirty-eight percent of the eggs collected from Site A survived through to metamorphosis as compared to 31% survival in the field (Hunter, Osborne, Marantelli, and Green 161). Fifty-three percent of the captive-reared animals survived through to metamorphosis, while Site B has no survivorship. Seventy percent of the captive-reared that was collected from S ite C has survived through to metamorphosis and only 13% of eggs left in the field survived (Hunter, Osborne, Marantelli, and Green 162). During the post-winter stage, the field tadpoles had higher rate of survival than the captive-reared animals, in which early release tadpoles exhibited higher survival rate than the

Marketing analysis of Taylors Education Group

Marketing analysis of Taylors Education Group Taylors Education Group has been a household name in Malaysia for four decades known for producing all-rounded graduates with on-hand work experience which will enable them to be competitive and assertive in the working environment. Taylors has contributed much to Malaysias economic prosperity seeing as Taylors is expanding not only domestically but also internationally. Taylors started with humble beginnings, with only a small block in Jalan Pantai, Kuala Lumpur offering only one program. Today, Taylors has 5 campuses including the very recently established Taylors Lakeside Campus which offers a multitude of courses which comprises of diploma, undergraduate and postgraduate studies. Apart from that, Taylors 10 year mission is to become a university of 20,000 students renowned for its teaching excellence and the distinctive quality of its graduates. At the rate Taylors is growing, there is no doubt that mission can be accomplished in 5 years let alone 10 years. Taylors effective miss ion statement, Wisdom. Integrity. Excellence is undoubtedly one of the reasons why many students are attracted to this educational institution. Taylors mission statement positions students to think of Taylors as a premium and exclusive educational institution that offers excellent education quality while inculcating discipline at the same time. Taylors core purpose to educate the youth of the world to take their productive places as leaders in the global community also plays an important role in drawing students into the educational institution. In addition to that, Taylors also promises 5 core values in all of their programs. Firstly, Taylors believes in Respecting and caring for each other. Taylors promises to create an environment where everyone is appreciated disregarding personal, cultural, racial or religion differences. Taylors does this by providing a safe place to express your opinions. Besides that, exercising responsibility will also be encouraged. The efforts of individu als and groups will also be recognized and respected. Secondly, Taylors also believes in Being dedicated to a culture of excellence. Taylors will systematically and purposefully do the best they can to achieve their organizational goals. Thus, Taylors will continually look for methods to improve themselves through continual learning and adopting methods which will contribute to Taylors long term objectives and goals. Thirdly, Taylors also believes in Openness in communication. Taylors promotes being honest in daily exchanges, and if this is done in a kind and respectful manner, trust and understanding will be developed. Fourthly, Taylors believes in Acting with integrity. Taylors will obey the codes of conduct and be ethical in their daily processes to build a culture of openness within the organization and society at large. Fifthly, Taylors also believe in Being passionate in what we do. Taylors believes by doing things passionately, it will inspire others to want to do better. Las tly, Taylors believes in Creating enjoyable environments. This assignment is mainly to study the Taylors education group, in terms of how they market their programs and education. The main focus in this assignment is the newly built Taylors Lakeside Campus. From here, well analyze how the Taylors education group has successfully turned this project into a great profit making campus. This assignment will study their marketing strategies by analyzing the companys strengths, weaknesses, opportunities threats (SWOT Analysis), the companys segmentation and positioning strategy and the companys marketing mix. Well also provide recommendations to improve their marketing strategies at the Taylors Lakeside Campus towards the end of this assignment. SWOT Analysis The two types of internal factors that affect the company to reach its objective are strengths and weaknesses. Firstly, the strength of Taylors college is it has a strong background and a history of 42 years. The forty two years of history include proven experience in university level education and training with growing emphasis on research to further enhance the quality of the university. This can be proven by the recognition from Ministry of Higher Education with the prestigious Excellence in Research and Development award 2005/06. Taylors University had developed a strong brand name and causes an increase in market share and brand equity. It has a famous slogan that is Wisdom, Integrity, Excellence. Taylors Universitys drive for wisdom, quest for integrity and thirst for excellence made it become a famous academic institution and is able to deliver a high quality education. Besides that, the strength of Taylors university is it offers a variety of high value and quality national r ecognized programs. The university offers architecture, design, biosciences, business, communication, IT, engineering, hospitality, law and medicine program. The academic activities adapted to the more recent socio-economic trends resulting in the development of a broad range of courses. The variety program that Taylors University provided proven that it is a powerful one stop education organization. The linking arrangement with foreign universities ensures the quality assurance of the courses and examinations. Moreover, the high development in teaching and learning skills are the strength of Taylors university. The establishment of Integrated Teaching and Life-long Learning Center at Taylors (InTeLLeCT) is to ensure the provision of relevant, innovative, and excellent learning experiences at Taylors. It creates learning experience through excellent teaching, outstanding academic student support initiatives, and an innovative and technology-driven learning environment. (Taylors Univ ersity 2011) By investing in InTeLLect, it ensures the continuous improvement of human resources by creating an experienced academic and support staff to educate more quality students. The high quality lecturers can be proved by one of the lecturers from the School of Engineering Dr TVN Padmesh for being awarded with the Young Scientist Paper Award 5th International Conference of Environmental Science and Technology 2010 in Texas, USA from July 12-16. In addition, geographical location and comfortable campus environment also adds to the strength of Taylors University. Taylors University is located at Subang Jaya and there are high amount of population and fast rising developments. It is well connected to the cities of Kuala Lumpur, Shah Alam and the townships of Petaling Jaya therefore it is a good location. Taylors university offers the best campus environment and provide the best facilities among the competitors. The facilities provided are new and comprehensive, an example of fac ilities that is provided is the library, sports and recreation centre, hostel, lecture theatres, student central, sick bay, experiment labs and food court. (Taylors 2011) On the other hand, the weakness of Taylors University is it is charging a higher price than others competitor in the education market. For example, Taylors university is charging double the price of Help University College for the business program. The higher price charge sometimes will affect the consumer decision to choose Taylors university and unsatisfied consumers may end up going to other universities. Taylors university must ensure that the price charged should create superior value and provide value-added services to the consumer. Besides that, the weakness of the university is the choices of twinning program that it offers are limited. For example, Help University College is the biggest competitor at this point because it offers more university choices and has better partner universities. Taylors university should improve the choices for partner universities to gain its market share. The two types of external factors that affect the company to reach its objective are opportunities and threats. The opportunity of Taylors university is there is an increase in the awareness of the importance in attaining tertiary education. Nowadays, most organisations are hiring employees with either a diploma or a bachelors degree. Therefore, this encourages Malaysian parents to finance their childrens education to get at least a Bachelors degree for a better career. Besides that, Malaysia acts as one of the world excellence centre for education had created an opportunities for the university by an increases in international student. It is estimated that there are about 70,000 international students from more than 100 countries currently studying in public and private higher education institutions in Malaysia. (Study in Malaysia Handbook 2011) Malaysia is a diverse country with rapid economic development, stable politic, disaster free and it offers an affordable cost to the intern ational student for higher education opportunities will attract more international student in the future. Taylors university can consider providing more choices for world best partner university to increase its opportunity by increase competitiveness and grow its market share. The threat of Taylors university is it facing the increasing size of its competitor. For example, to cope with the increasing demand for quality education in the region, HELP University College will be opening a new state of the art Green Technology Campus in Subang 2 The campus is 600,000 sq ft and it is strategically located between Kota Damansara, Subang, Sungai Buloh, and Shah Alam. Due to the increase awareness of public to prevent and preserve the environment, HELP University College new campus will attract more attention from the public. By improving the facilities of Help University College in the new campus, providing a better partner university choice and offer a lower prising education, Taylors university will faces a higher competition. (HELP International Corporation 2008) Direct competitors are firms that offer products and services that are functionally the same. The direct competitors of Taylors university are those private university college and college for example HELP University College, INTI University College, Sunway University College, and KDU College. Those University and college offer the similar courses and the differences between them is the brand familiarity and the quality of education provided. Taylors University branding themselves by providing quality education, good campus environment and good facilities have made differences between itself with other brands. The extra value that Taylors provide causes a higher price charge for the program. Taylors university have to ensure that they will deliver what they had promised the consumer to gain market share and create customer satisfaction for building customer relationship. An indirect competitor is the businesses that are offering close substitutes products and services. These competitors are probably targeting the markets with a same or similar value proposition, but delivering a different product. The indirect competitors of Taylors university are the governments higher education institutions such as polytechnics, teacher training colleges, community colleges, Public college and Public universities. Some examples of these institutions are TAR College, University Malaya, and Politeknik Port Dickson(PPD). The public system has become competitor because the number of public universities and community colleges is increasing. The cost of studying in a public university is cheaper because 90% of the public universities funding came from Malaysian Government and the balance 10% is from student fees. (MoHE 2008) Segmentation Positioning Strategy Pie Chart 1.1 The pie chart shows the Malaysian household monthly income distribution. The information is sourced from MP Amirshams reply to Dr Michael J Devarajs question during a parliament assembly in July 2008. Demographic factors are the most popular bases for segmenting customer groups. One reason is that customer usage rates, needs and wants always very closely with demographic variables. Besides, demographic variables are easier to measure than other types of variables. Therefore, demographic segmentation is used in this assignment which divides the market into groups based on income for education in Taylor University Lakeside. The three market segments which relevant are low-income, medium-income and high-income. INCOME SEGMENTATION Low-income segment (households monthly income RM4-5k) Medium-income segment (households monthly income RM5-10k) High-income segment (households monthly income >RM10k) Firstly, low-income segment indicates the households monthly income between RM4000 and RM5000. The people from this segment only able to pursue the education provided by national university or governments subsidy universities. Their families cannot afford the expensive tuition fees because they have to spend the money in their daily expenses. Secondly, medium-income segment indicates households monthly income between RM5000 and RM10000. The people from this segment able to pursue the education provided by private universities in the country such as Taylor University and Sunway University. The standard of living is higher, so they willing to spend more money in education. Thirdly, high-income segment indicates the households monthly income more than RM10000. The people from this segment normally will send their children to foreign country for world-class education in United Kingdom or Australia. They totally have to power to cover the expensive living costs and tuition fees of their c hildren at overseas. Taylors Education Group targets affluence customers which are under medium-income segment with high quality facilities and services. This is because customers from medium-income segment have the right size and growth characteristics. Generally, the customers from this segment plan to study locally. With the approximately RM96000 of households annually income, people will choose to study at private college in the country. Local private colleges and universities find it easy to choose a differentiation and positioning strategy. In several cases, two or more competitors will go after the same position. Therefore, each of them will have to find its ways to set itself apart. For instance, Taylor University, Sunway University and Help University put in a lot of effort to decide on a value proposition. Therefore, Taylors Education Group well known for quality in certain segments differentiates itself by the outstanding image, service and slogan. The slogan had successfully been used to communicate with the consumers by sending the message of value and promises that the university will deliver. The slogan of Taylors university had effectively create differentiation between its competitor and position itself as providing superior customer value and leads to the gain of competitive advantage. Furthermore, Taylor goes for more for more positioning strategy. More for more positioning involves providing the most classy services, products and changing a higher price to balance the higher costs. Taylors Education Group differentiates its offer by invested at least RM450 million to build a unique lakeside campus that appeal to people from the medium-income segment. Taylors study environment and facilities are way better than its competitors. Taylors Lakeside Campus is a state-of-the-art modern tropical university campus, designed to meet the needs of students and in line with the nations goal of becoming a local centre of education excellence. The campus is surrounded by a revived 5.5 acre human-made lake and its landscape made up of trees, groundcovers, flowering shrubs, and water plants, which provide a stimulating and rich natural environment. In contrast, compared to Help University College, who using the same for less positioning strategy just to offer a great deal to everyone. By offering this positioning strategy, customers will tend to join Help University College due to the affordable tuition fee. However, the low-prices brand in an effort to lure customers away from market leader. Because of the low cost operations, the buildings and campuses separated and students have to take the shuttle bus to reach specific building for classes. This action brings a lot of inconvenient to customers and triggers them from joining. Customers from medium-income segment normally will chase for the university that fulfil a minimum requirements such as everything in one campus and safety. Besides, high quality study environment and facilities will also make customers chase for it. By offering high quality education and services, Taylors Education Group hopes for higher sales and stronger position within targeted market segment. The lakeside campus successfully developed a stronger position and creates more total sales than its competitors. Although its overall tuition fee above RM18000 per year, compare to other colleges is much more expensive, but customers are still willing to study in this university. As a result, Taylor Lakeside Campus gets a more stable, much greater market share than other college could. Taylors Education Group planned positions that give their services the greatest advantage in selected target markets, served the preferences and needs of well-defined targets markets and yet succeeds because it just meet the right value proposition. Taylor provided impressive and comfortable 4-storey library, retail Podium, Experimental Theatre, 600-pax Auditorium, 300-pax Lecture Theatre and outdoor Amphitheatre. The 4-storey library is so amazing, packed with different computers, facilities and resources. There are also different types of closed study room and discussion rooms in the library which allows students to have discussions among their friends without interrupting other students in the library. Besides, the Retail Podium is where inter-connecting streets lead to banks, cafes, convenience stores, shops and an array of service amenities. Everything of this made Taylor Lakeside campus so outstanding compared to others. In conclusion, the More for More positioning strategy totally more successful compared to The Same for Less. Marketing Mix (4Ps) Analysis Product The main product that Taylors University offers is in a form of service in which they provide education in return for tuition fees. However, there are also other products that the Taylors education group offers which include accommodation and basic necessities such as food and drinks which is provided by the campuss cafeteria and restaurants around the campus. The product that the Taylors education group provides is one of the reasons to the new Taylors Lakeside campuss success. Firstly, Taylors University has provided potential students with many choices of programs which include a variety of pre-university programs, a range of bachelors degree programs and also a PhD program in business administration. With a mixture of so many different courses, students who are seeking a tertiary education would find Taylors as a potential institution to further their studies. It is also important that we recognize the programs Taylors University offers are programs which are popular among todays students and also in demand among parents. With a combination of providing a wide-range of education programs along with programs which are popular, Taylors have found the perfect product that it can offer to the education market. Another type of product that Taylors University offers is the accommodation and dining service. With the presence of a student hostel located next to its main campus, students who are from overseas or a different state need not worry for a place to stay, or for transportation as the campus is only a walking distance away. Not to forget, the many different restaurants and also the cafeteria that is located right at the student hostel. This is one of the advantages the Taylors Lakeside campus has over its competitors, students who study at Taylors need not go a long distance in order to search for good and quality food. With the convenience that is provided by Taylors University, many students find themselves attracted to its product. The campuss structural design has also gained much attention from both prospective students and also parents. Investments made for its attractive architecture has definitely made an impact on the success of this campus. In a survey our group did, we have found that 50 percent of students were initially attracted to study at this new campus due to its attractive design. Price On average, to complete a bachelors degree at Taylors University could cost up to RM80, 000. This price of course varies depending on the course the student engaged in. Here, we will concentrate on the pricing strategies that Taylors University had used for a bachelor of business degree. At Taylors University, to complete a 3 year bachelor of business program would cost an average of RM80, 000. This fee is arguably rather high for a university in Malaysia. When compared to HELP University College, the price to complete a 3 year bachelor of business program is two times higher of that of HELPs. It only cost up to RM40, 000 in order to obtain a business degree at HELP University College. So why is it that Taylors University is making much higher profits compared to HELP University College? The answer is simple, the target market are of those among the medium income segment. From pie chart 1.1, it can be seen that 20.7 % of Malaysians are either in the medium-income segment or the high- income segment. For parents or guardians earning more than RM5, 000 a month, it would not be much of a problem to afford to send their child to complete their studies at Taylors University, provided that they have proper financial management. However, people may question to why parents send their child to Taylors University when they can save the money and send their child to a different university. The answer again is simple; parents want their best for their children. Most parents who are in between the medium-income segment and the high-income segment would not hesitate to send their child to a more renowned University provided that it has quality education, a superior campus and also a convenient location. Place Taylors main campus is located in a location that is accessible to target market. It is strategically located in the urban areas of Subang Jaya which is well known as a student hub consistent of all types of household such as average and above average income household. It is also well linked with other township such as Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Shah Alam, and Klang making it a easily accessible educational institution for students to pursue their studies. On the other hand it is located thirty minutes away from Kuala Lumpur which is the capital city of Malaysia. In addition Subang Jaya is linked by highways for example Lebuhraya Damansara Puchong and Federal Highway allowing students who does not live in Subang Jaya reaching the campus much easier. Promotion Taylors uses several promotion tools to persuasively communicate customer value and build customer relationship. One of the tools is advertising. Taylors does their promotion through major media types such as television, newspaper, direct mail magazines, radio and the internet through websites such as facebook twitter, youtube and their very own Taylors website. Another promotion tool that Taylors uses is sales promotion. Taylors encourages purchases of their product by offering discounts such as early birds discount for consumers who register early or pay their fees early. Another discount is children and siblings discount for those who have other siblings studying in the same institution. Other incentives are scholarship such as top achiever scholarship which is based on SPM results. Another promotion tool used is building good public relations. Taylors sponsors events such as sports competition, charity events to build their image in the public. Other than that Taylors uses other public relation tools such as news and written materials to promote their product, facilities and so on. For example Taylors promote the beauty of their new lakeside campus and the facility it provides in a magazine. The last promotion tool that Taylors use is personal selling. Taylors uses sales person such as consultants and counselors to promote their product and build customer relationship through personal interaction. Taylors present their sales by giving a presentation of the products offered at Taylors in events such as career day and Taylors open day. Another example is Taylors sending some sales people to high schools to promote their product and to build long term customer relationship with students who are soon taking their SPM and to those who havent decided what they want to do after they finish their secondary school education. Recommendations Product One way to improve the product Taylors University provides to students is to provide more parking spaces for students who drive to the campus. Based on our observation and research, we have found that many students are unhappy with the parking system and lack of parking spaces imposed by Taylors University. Some have even threatened to leave if a solution is not found. To avoid a bad reputation and a loss of consumer confidence, it is important that they construct more parking lots or change their parking systems. However, a cheaper and more convenient way for the company is to adjust students timetables in order to make the campus less crowded at certain times. For example, the management at Taylors University can move more morning classes into the afternoon in order to avoid over-packed parking slots during the morning. Price A pricing strategy that we would recommend is to provide more student aid for programs which are less popular among students and parents. The student aid would be for those who are not able to afford the entire tuition fees imposed by Taylors University. This way, the company will also benefit from less popular programs as parents from lower-income segments will also be able to afford to send their children for these less popular programs.. From the way we see it, the Taylors Lakeside campus has been profiting huge amounts of money from student fees due to the crowded campus, therefore, we would not recommend a change in price of student fees in order to avoid a congested campus which may deteriorate its quality. An increase in price of student fees may well cause Taylors University to lose its main target segment which are the medium-income earners as for most of them, the price is just right. It may however not have much effect on the high-income earners as it is still affordable f or most of them. Also, reducing the price by a fair amount may cause more low-income earners to send their children to Taylors University to further their education. This would cause the campus to be overcrowded which may in turn decline the campuss quality. Therefore, the only recommendation we have is for Taylors University to provide more student aid for programs which are less popular among students and parents. However, Taylors Education Group is a private limited company which therefore inhibits us from viewing their financial statements which may prove our judgements wrong. Place In order to improve its placing Taylors would need to built more campuses in much more strategic locations in order to make its product easily accessible. Kota Damansara and Puchong are some of the examples of strategic locations. Other than building more campuses, Taylors can build more campuses that offers tertiary educations. Right now the only place students can undergo their tertiary education is at Taylors main campus. To have more campuses that offers the same tertiary education would improve its placing. Promotion On the other hand, to improve its promotion, Taylors can increase its outside sales force. Taylors can do house to house personal selling by sending sales consultants to houses. Instead of the customers come to Taylors, Taylors can go to their potential customers. This introduces a much more personal interaction between the two or more people. Customers will feel much more relax to express their need since they are in their own house. Consultants will be able to observe and make quick adjustments to solve customer problems. Another advantage of doing this house to house personal selling is it can build a much better customer relationship. Another Taylors can do is to improve its promotion is by providing much stronger incentives by offering promotional tools such as premiums or patronage rewards. For example Taylors offered Ali cash reward for being a loyal consumer by studying in their institution for three years. Conclusion The Taylors Lakeside Campus is currently becoming more and more popular. Due to the rising competition from other educational institutions such as HELP University College and Sunway University College, Taylors Lakeside Campus has to constantly strive to distinguish themselves from other educational institutions. Taylors being a well-known educational institution for over four decades certainly has its advantages. This gives a perception to people that Taylors is a well-established educational institution on the basis of the amount of years it has been running. Thus, Taylors is able to use this opportunity to charge a higher price compared to other local universities. However, Taylors must deliver the peoples moneys worth through academic excellence and by providing a conducive environment. Take for instance Taylors Lakeside Campus. Taylors Lakeside Campus still manages to draw many students despite the expensive cost of education because of its past records of academic excellence and also the very peaceful and relaxing environment at Taylors Lakeside Campus. Taylors Lakeside Campus managed to combine both elements of work and play which is very much commendable. Taylors Lakeside Campus targets the high-income segment. This is very much evident in the cost of education of Taylors which is comparably higher than its competitors. Taylors Lakeside Campus is very appealing as it practices the More for More positioning strategy. This strategy requires Taylors to provide outstanding facilities and environment. In return, Taylors will earn a higher brand positioning in the minds of the people. This will then attract them to enrol in Taylors. Taylors Lakeside Campus is a force to be reckoned with in the education industry. From strategic locations to academic excellence, Taylors Education Group is certainly making a tremendous effort up till now for it to be able to withstand the adversities of time. In short, no educational institution is perfect. However, one can stri ve to deliver the best value it can to satisfy customers. Taylors Lakeside Campus can indeed be classified into that category as the epitome of educational institutions.

Madonna: Successfully Incorporating Sexuality Into Music Essay

Madonna Madonna has been a very influential female "popstar" over the last 20 years: to sell her music she has publicised herself through the media, and through this media she has stuck to the concept that "sex does sell". Madonna was born on the 16th of August 1958 as Louise Veronica Ciccone, in Bay City, Michigan. She began her journey into the most influential industry and medium by moving to New York to become a ballerina. From this young age she was very aware of the human body and the way it is perceived. She knew that the body needed to be sold in some way, to 'make it' in these types of industries. At this stage of her life she became anorexic in an attempt to become the "stereotypical" ballerina figure. Louise eventually left her ballerina days, and turned to music. She was part of the Patrick Hernandez Revel, The Breakfast club and Emmy: dance and pop groups that didn't make it to the top. It was through these small groups that she was scouted as a solo artist and in 1982 Louise was signed to Sire Records, under the performance name "Madonna". By the end of 1982 she released her debut single "Everybody", which became an instant hit. This was the start of Madonna's influential music career. Madonna debuted as a young, innocent, Christian girl, with strong morals and values. However, this changed as she began to transform herself and her image to attract a larger audience. She began her career with the stage name Madonna, which she has kept throughout her long career. The word "Madonna" is from the bible, a biblical name for the mother of Jesus (or Virgin Mary), and is a biblical character that is associat... ...le erotic and packaged as a giant condom. Erotica: uncut featured graphic nudity and overt depiction of sex acts In 1998 she seemed to change her style and reinvented herself once again with the release of ray of light: seemed to show a change in perspective and her songs were now bout motherhood and the lose of her mother. Released her record music coinciding in the same year she married Guy Ritchie and her cow-boy image American life was a flop dealt with more contempory issues such as the war and September 11, Sex does sell, she learnt that by incorporating sexuality and sex into her music - so she could sell her album, she performed this by her kiss with Brittany spears last year in which boosted her back into the media and outraged critics but still boosted her otherwise but flopping album sales.

Tourism theories and practices

â€Å" What Do Tourists Make And Why? † Critically DiscussTourism industry has emerged as one of the fastest turning industry and largest employers in the modern universe. This sheer enormousness of the industry is understood from the fact that the Numberss of tourers worldwide are anticipated to be doubled to one billion plus by the terminal of 2010. This essay will discourse in brief the different theories of touristry which define tourer behaviour, their functions, activities and motives which in bend influence the industry. Thesis statement: Tourists and their idea procedure, their behaviour and motives are centrifugal to the construct of touristry. Many bookmans have tried to specify the typology of the tourers, their categorizations in order to understand the construct of touristry. The essay will sketch some of the old theories and the modern twenty-four hours attack and why there is a demand for more research based surveies to work the potency of this industry.Meaning Of Tourism-What Is TourismMichel Eyquem De Montaigne said, â€Å"A adult male should of all time be ready booted to take his journey.† Man because of his gregarious nature is bound to go from one topographic point to another to carry through his assorted demands be it societal, emotional or physical. Traveling is therefore characteristic to human society on the whole. Travel and touristry was traditionally considered as a luxury point. But with the bend of the century, definition of travel and touristry has evolved. Tourism no longer stands for simple travelling or impermanent journeys and corsets chiefly for pleasance, leisure and or recreational intents or a luxury component. Twentieth century ushered in the paradigm displacement in the construct of touristry. In fact it will non be undue to state that there has been passage from the 19th and early twentieth century construct of touristry as an exercising in leisure and pleasance sphere to the construct of touristry as an exercising in concern, economic sciences. It is more of a consumer merchandise ; touristry industry is a vivacious market where touristry merchandises can be sold now as any other consumer merchandise, consumer here is the tourer. ( Kamra, p 157 ) Harmonizing to statistics brought out by the statistics of the World Tourism Organisation ( WTO ) in 1994, touristry contributed 12 per cent of the universe ‘s Gross National Product. ( Kamra, 12 ) Tourism industry is one of the fastest turning industry using 100s of 1000000s of people worldwide, which explains the ground why the survey of the touristry and touristry research has become so of import in non merely the academic field but besides for the economic system on the whole. Modern twenty-four hours touristry is much more than simple travelling ; it is pure economic sciences, which is determined by theories of demand, and supply, which brings in the inquiry of sustainability. Tourism is no more synonymous to going. Today touristry is merely like a normal consumer merchandise which is driven by market kineticss, demand supply, sold through retail mercantile establishments. It no longer remains a luxury of the upper category but has become a aggregate merchandise for the turning consumer market, in this instance the turning tourer community. In fact there has been a combination of factors which have resulted in the proliferation of touristry industry. The premier being increased leisure, higher incomes of burgeoning in-between category. One of the chief drivers to growing in the coming epoch would be the turning in-between category. The survey of touristry theories and patterns hence would chiefly go around around the demands, motives, function, experiences of the tourers. What do tourers make and why? The most general categorization of tourers is on the footing of the demands of the tourer. This would chiefly sort the full tourer community into two groups-the traveller and the tourer. While the former is chiefly conceived as one who would fundamentally go to understand the topographic point and therefore would instead prefer longer trips and would be after it separately. The latter classified, as a tourer in layperson ‘s version would be characterized as one with superficial involvement. One who would indulge in shorter trips and group Tourss or charters and would chiefly depend on tour agents. But this categorization is really obscure.MotivationsMost of the tourers travel for alteration of environment because of which new constructs of touristry like eco-tourism, rural touristry have come into being. Cultural attractive forces, instruction, deriving cognition about new civilizations might be other of import motives. For illustration attractive force towards Buddhist civilization has made Myanmar and some parts of North East India a major hub for Buddhist tourers from all around the universe. Peoples from all around the universe travel to these topographic p oints to acquire see the Buddhist spirit. There can be other motives besides like quest for new experience, personal visits etc. Some of the most prevailing theories of finish development and categorization of tourers Some bookmans have tried to sort the tourer on the footing of their demands, which explains the ground for their travel. For illustration a tourer can be classified as adventurer, elite, upbeat, unusual, mass or charter on the footing of his/her demand. While an explorer tourer group will desire find, escapade, geographic expedition, a elect tourer might hold a particular personally customized tailored trip to any alien topographic points. Or for illustration an upbeat tourer might go to acquire off from the crowds. The categorization harmonizing to demand describes the chief intent of travel. There can be a pure mass group besides under the demand-based categorization where the tourer might prefer normal circuit bundles and vacation trips to conventional topographic points. Therefore categorization on the footing of demand to a big extent determines the demands and the activities of the tourers. There can besides be categorization on the footing of the significance and demand, where tourers might go for the interest of simple diversion, recreation, experiential, experimental grounds. There can be besides motivational based categorization. Understanding the motivation behind going might assist to foretell consumer mind. An American research worker named Plog ( Mason 26 ) put forth his theory based on the psychological science of tourers and these were published in 1973. Plog ‘s theory was based on a instance survey conducted on New York occupants and their attitudes to go. Plog ‘s discussed the tourer behaviour and motives based on the psychological science of the tourers. Therefore there are two types of tourers, the allo-centric and psycho-centric types of tourer. He argued that there are peculiar psychological types who do non like unfamiliar environments or civilizations, so when they select a vacation they will seek the familiar parts than unfamiliar distant parts ( these he termed psycho-centric ) . Plog farther added that there are still some groups in society who will be prepared to put on the line a far more unsure holiday finish. These tourers will seek for strange or unfamiliar and these he termed allo-centric. While the psycho-centric would non go far from the local environment the allo-centric would go long distances to unfamiliar locations. He concluded that the bulk of the tourers were neither to the full psycho- centric nor to the full allo-centric. Rather most of the tourers were located in the centre point between the two extremes of psycho-centric and allo-centric.And that bulk of the tourers would seek the familiar and prefer non to go great distances to acquire at that place. An of import point that emerged from the finish development of Plog ‘s theory is that different tourers finishs are attractive to different types of tourers based on the sort of traveller they are, psycho or allo-centric and that bulk of the tourers will prefer to go for short distances than longer 1s to travel for vacations. Therefore it suggests that the tourer finishs in most of the developed states which are in close propinquity to major population countries, busy countries, markets, residential countries are likely to be developed and turn more rapidly than those in the distant remote countries. However, in existent pattern, sometimes this theory may besides turn out incorrect. On the contrary many of the distant countries are now acquiring faster developed than those near the major population countries. While Plog ‘s theory was based more on the psychological portion of tourers, Erik Cohen ‘s theory relate to the behaviour of the tourers. Erik Cohen who developed a categorization of tourers where there was a four head categorization. First was the organized mass tourers who travel in groups, who prefer packaged vacation ( travel, adjustment, nutrient etc. ) normally arranged by a travel agent. The 2nd type was the single mass tourers who use the same installations as the organized mass tourers, but the difference lies merely in determination devising. This group makes more single based determinations about their activity and trip. There are besides the adventurers and the vagrants. While adventurers would most frequently arrange their ain trips, meet and interact with the locals vagrants avoid all contact with other tourers and leave with the locals. This categorization of tourers lives longer than the other groups. If both the above mentioned tourer theories which fundamentally delve into the features of human behavioural facets are combined so we would see that bulk of Cohen ‘s mass tourer and independent mass tourers would meet with Plog ‘s psycho-centric tourers. Subsequently in the mid 1970s, Doxey proposed the Irritation Index or the Irridex. The Irridex was based on the relationship between the tourers and the locals. The cardinal thought as it is apparent from the name of the index itself is that over a clip period as the figure of tourist addition in a peculiar country, a greater annoyance and hatred would construct up amongst the locals towards the tourers. So, over the clip as the locals gets more irritant with the visitants and go hostile, the figure of visitants might really worsen or might non go on to turn at the same rate as antecedently. But the job with most of these theories was that most of them were non based on proper field research but on treatments. Butler ‘s Tourist Area Life Cycle ( TALC ) ( Mason, 33 ) theoretical account on touristry which is still the most widely accepted and of import theory trades with a peculiar finish, his theory explains how a finish emerge as a tourer finish after several phases. Butler suggested a theoretical account where a touristry finish develops over clip as a consequence of several factors. Destination is a really of import component in touristry. A finish is defined most widely as a merchandise is marketed to its consumers. And like all other merchandises, tourer finishs besides have a life rhythm. Butler proposed a theoretical account for touristry country life rhythm in which he showed how a finish begins as a comparatively unknown topographic point and visitants foremost come in little fractions because of deficiency of entree, installations and local cognition ( Miller and Galluci, 2004 ) The cardinal point in Butler ‘s theoretical account was that planning and proper remedial action by the tourers can assist collar the diminution in resorts and touristry substructure. One of the major challenges that the World Tourism Organization made in its Global Forecasts for the twelvemonth 2000 and beyond is the issue of sustainability, which relates to the absorbent capacity of an economic system with regard to touristry. This does non mention to the physical capacity entirely but besides to the capacity of a peculiar country to supply touristry substructure, pool in investings, work force, and natural resources. While manpower would non be a restraint, other natural resources might be. The theory of sustainable touristry therefore away late has emerged of greater relevancy, which is necessary to advance environmental consciousness and hike touristry industry on the whole. Sustainable touristry in a nutshell can be explained as a agency by which tourer growing is achieved every bit good as environment and Earth ‘s scarce resources are preserved. Apart from the environment issue another firing issue, which might emerge as an hindrance is deficiency of trained skilled work force to present value add-ons. In decision it can be said that although several touristry theories have been put away by several bookmans to find the functions and activities, the features of tourers to hike the industry. There is a general deficiency of consciousness about these theories amidst the policy shapers. Tourism industry is still one of those industries, which is regulated by authorities disposal. There are broad assortments of conceptual and theoretical attacks to touristry, which have to be tested in world. This apart there is a farther demand for more field surveies and employment of professionals in carry oning the research, which will assist accomplish greater theoretical orientation and practical application. The touristry industry has been turning at a phenomenal rate for the last 50 twelvemonth particularly, after the Second World War. The recession has had an consequence on the industry, but the Numberss of tourers worldwide are anticipated to be doubled to one billion plus by the terminal of 2010. Keeping in melody with the altering times consumer demands will besides alter, more categorizations based on turning demands of tourers might emerge. What can be the cultural and societal impact of touristry development Research workers have identified a whole gamut of positive impacts of touristry development on societies. For illustration the direct results of touristry development would be the alteration of the internal construction of the community, increasing employment chances of the local occupants, societal alteration, economic richness, betterment of the quality of life through substructure development. Similarly the interaction between the host and tourer additions tolerance and communicating accomplishments etc. On the cultural side the humanistic disciplines, trades and civilization of the local country might be revived. Research workers have besides identified several cons like deployment of natural resources, increased force per unit area on bing substructure, commodification of civilization and its negative effects etc ( Beeton 2005a, p122 ) Therefore it can be seen in the essay how tourist behavioural demands, motives, actions straight and indirectly affect touristry development in a topographic point. Merely right sort of patterns would be able to give the necessary encouragement to this industry, which entirely will lend the largest ball in planetary trade. Understanding the demands and motives of the tourers will assist hike touristry industry manifolds. What is required is the right attack. Tourists ‘ behaviour research in touristry has to be based on motives, typologies, finish picks and the determination procedure. While this is good some bookmans criticize it as stereotyped and generalized which might non be the same in world. The spread between the theories and the world can be bridged through research and changeless survey of tourer behaviour.MentionsK Kamra 1997, â€Å" Tourism: Theory, Planning and Practice † , Second Edition-2008 Peter Mason, â€Å" Tourism Impacts, Planning and Management † ( Online book version ) , Second edition- 2008, Mason, P. & A ; Cheyne, J. ( 2000 ) . † Residents ‘ Attitudes to Proposed Tourism Development, Annals of Tourism Research. † Peter Mason, â€Å" Tourism Impacts, Planning and Management † Second Edition Abraham Pizam, Yoel Mansfeld, â€Å" Consumer behavior in travel and touristry † Softcover edition published 2000